The chromatic scale series#
the use of non-tonal chords as tonic "keys"/"scales"/"areas" such as the Tristan chord.Īs tonal harmony continued to widen and even break down, the chromatic scale became the basis of modern music written using the twelve-tone technique, a tone row being a specific ordering or series of the chromatic scale, and later serialism.hierarchical organizations of the chromatic set such as George Perle's.tonicization of each chromatic step and other secondary key areas.Increased chromaticism is often cited as one of the main causes or signs of the "breakdown" of tonality, in the form of increased importance or use of: The blues scale is often found in jazz and popular music with blues influence." įinal chord of Arnold Schoenberg's Sechs kleine Klavierstücke, 2nd movement, in thirds: C–E–G–B–D ♯–F ♯–A ♯–CĪs tonality began to expand during the last half of the nineteenth century, with new combinations of chords, keys and harmonies being tried, the chromatic scale and chromaticism became more widely used, especially in the works of Richard Wagner, such as the opera " Tristan und Isolde".
By the end of the period, keys often shifted so rapidly in the course of a composition that tonality itself began to break down." Post-Romantic and Impressionistic Period (1875-1920) "With the breakdown of the major-minor key system, impressionist composers began to experiment with other, modal, and whole-tone scales." Contemporary Period (1920-present) "The chromatic scale has predominated in much of the music of our period." Jazz and Popular Music (1900-present) "Popular music has remained the last bastion of the major-minor key system. Chromaticism was decorative for the most part and shifts from one key to another.were used to create formal divisions." Romantic Period (1825-1900) "Chromaticism increased to the point that the major-minor key system began to be threatened. This coincided with the emergence of key consciousness in music." Classical Period (1750-1825) "The major and minor keys were the basis of music in the classical period. The following timeline is abbreviated from its presentation by Benward & Saker: Baroque Period (1600-1750) "The system of major and minor scales developed during the early part of the baroque period.
Contemporary jazz and rock bass guitarist Joseph Patrick Moore demonstrating chromaticism (video)Ĭhromaticism began to develop in the late Renaissance period, notably in the 1550s, often as part of musica reservata, in the music of Cipriano de Rore, in Orlando Lasso's Prophetiae Sibyllarum, and in the theoretical work of Nicola Vicentino.
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